Lead: A toxic metal present in normal petrol and in the air as fine particles can affect the central nervous system, cause renal damage and hypertension. Children are three times more at risk than adults.
SPM: Particle of dust and carbon coated with toxic gases, all emanating from factory and automobile exhaust, coat the lungs, causing respiratory infections, persistent cough, throat irritation, and aggravate asthma.
Carbon Dioxide: Colourless and odourless, carbon dioxide is emitted from petrol-run vehicles, mostly two and three wheelers. It reduces the ability of blood to carry oxygen and exacerbates heart disorders.
Sulphur Dioxide: A colourless gas, a part diesel exhaust and factory emissions, affects the upper respiratory tract and causes bronchial problems.
Benzene: A part of unleaded petrol and is emitted from catalytic converters. A known carcinogen linked to lung cancer and leukaemia.
Oxides of Nitrogen: Formed during fuel combustion in motor vehicles and power stations. Convert nitrogen dioxide which leads to bronchial infections, clods, headaches, eye irritation.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Unburnt from diesel engines cause drowsiness, eye irritation, cough and is suspected to be cancer-causing.
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